Which term describes mental or emotional injury to a child that results in an observable and material impairment in the child's growth, development, or psychological functioning?

• A. Exploitation
• B. Abuse
• C. Neglect
• D. Endangerment

Answer: (B)

Mental or emotional harm that leads to a real, measurable impact on a child’s growth, development, or psychological functioning is described as abuse. This term covers psychological or emotional injury in addition to any physical harm, recognizing that emotional damage can be just as serious as visible injuries and can impair development and mental health.

Exploitation involves using a child for gain, which is about misuse for someone else’s benefit. Neglect is a failure to meet a child’s basic needs, which can affect development but is defined by lack of care rather than by an injury to the child’s mental or emotional state. Endangerment means placing a child at risk or exposing them to danger, focusing on risk rather than proven psychological injury.